Molecular based methods like PCR, Real-Time PCR and more recently next generation sequencing (NGS) have revolutionized the field of veterinary diagnostics.
At MBG, we offer detection of pathogenic viruses, bacteria and parasites using molecular methods, which are fast and highly sensitive to detect microbial
pathogens in various specimens.
MBG is an ISO 17025 accredited facility and benefits from an isolated containment level 3 facility for processing highly (level 3) contagious pathogens.
Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is a single stranded positive sense RNA genome classified in the genus, Arterivirus, family Arteriviridae. Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a reportable, highly contagious disease associated with sporadic outbreaks of acute respiratory disease and abortion in horses. Infection can spread between horses at mating, by artificial insemination with contaminated semen, by contact with aborted foetuses, or by direct contact with droplets from the respiratory tract, i.e. through coughing and snorting.
EAV primarily infects macrophages and vessel endothelium throughout a horse's body. The initial infection is followed by viral dissemination via the bloodstream, resulting in viremia. Clinical signs first appear two to 13 (average seven) days after infection, and a fever may continue for two to nine days. Acutely infected horses shed the virus in nasal secretions for up to 16 days. EVA is a notifiable disease of horses. The diseases' greatest economic impact is on the horse-breeding industry.
Swabs / secretion and tissue should be transported at 4°C. Semen samples must be frozen after collection and delivered within 24 hours.
It is required to add RNA preservative media to swabs / secretion and tissue only. Contact MBG Lab for specimen tubes containing RNA preservative if required.
Turn Around Time (TAT)
Normal Turnaround time for pathogen Identification is within 5 working days. Urgent Samples will be reported within half of the minimum test period & will be Charged Double.
Samples delivered after 11:00 AM will be processed next working day unless urgent.
Equine herpes virus1 (EHV1) and Equine herpes virus4 (EHV4) are double stranded DNA viruses of the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, genus Varicellovirus.They are clinically and pathologically indistinguishable and are the primary pathogens causing respiratory tract disease in young horses from weanling to 2 years of age.
EHV1 and EHV4 are major causes of abortion and respiratory disease in horses, respectively, whereas EHV1 also causes occasional neurological defects in horses. The virus can spread through the air, contaminated equipment, clothing and hands. Clinical signs are most intense and virus shedding most abundant during the first few days of infection. The time between an initial EHV1 infection of the respiratory tract and the onset of neurological signs is about 8-12 days. The neurological symptoms appear suddenly and reach peak intensity within 48 hours.
EHV4 causes rhinopneumonitis in horses and respiratory infection in foals, leaving a lifelong latent infection in affected animals. These horses are usually the source for new infection in foals over two months old, weanlings, and yearlings. Symptoms include fever, loss of appetite, and nasal discharge. Most infected animals recover in one to three weeks, but death can occur in environments with overcrowding and other stress factors. EHV4 rarely causes abortion in infected pregnant mares unlike its EHV1 counterpart.
Normal Turnaround time for pathogen Identification is within 5 working days. Urgent Samples will be reported within half of the minimum test period & will be Charged Double.
Samples delivered after 11:00 AM will be processed next working day unless urgent.
Equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV)is a retrovirus (ssRNA) belonging to the lentivirus subfamily of Retroviridae. Equine infectious anaemia (EIA) occurs world-wide. The infection, formerly known as swamp fever, is limited to equids. The disease is characterised by recurrent febrile episodes, thrombocytopenia, anaemia, rapid loss of weight and oedema of the lower parts of the body. The incubation period is normally 1-3 weeks, but may be as long as 3 months. In acute cases, lymph nodes, spleen and liver are hyperaemic and enlarged. Once a horse is infected with EIAV, its blood remains infectious for the remainder of its life. This means that the horse is a viraemic carrier and can potentially transmit the infection to other horses. Transmission occurs by transfer of blood from an infected horse. EIAV is not considered a risk for human health.
Method
Real-Time RT-PCR.
Sample Type
EDTA Blood, Tissue, Culture, Semen
Transport Condition
Samples should be transported at 4°C. All samples must be delivered within 24 h of collection.
Tissue must be sent in RNA Preservative media. It is not required to add RNA preservative media to blood and culture.
Turn Around Time (TAT)
Normal Turnaround time for pathogen Identification is within 5 working days. Urgent Samples will be reported within half of the minimum test period & will be Charged Double.
Samples delivered after 11:00 AM will be processed next working day unless urgent.
Theileria equi (T. equi) and Babesia caballi (B. caballi) are single celled parasitic protozoans closely related to plasmodium and cause equine piroplasmosis. It does not survive outside its hosts and can only be transmitted through a tick vector, affecting all equine species, such as horses, mules, donkeys and zebras. Infected animals may remain carriers of these blood parasites for long periods and act as sources of infection for other ticks. The disease primarily occurs throughout the tropics and subtropics. The protozoa invades the red blood cells of infected animals, leading to disease.
The clinical signs of equine piroplasmosis are often nonspecific, and the disease can easily be confused with other similar hemolytic conditions presenting fever, anemia and jaundice. The disease is not directly contagious. Rather it is transferred by blood from an infected animal to a susceptible animal or insect. Documented case fatality rates vary from 10-50%. Most animals in endemic areas survive infection.
Equine piroplasmosis is a "reportable disease" under the Health of Animals Act. Equine piroplasmosis can occur in per-acute, acute, sub-acute and chronic forms. This assay is used for the detection of both Theileria equi and Babesia caballi, however, it cannot be used to differentiate between the two subtypes.
Method
Real- Time PCR
Sample Type
Accredited :
EDTA blood.
Transport Condition
Samples should be transported at 4°C.
Turn Around Time (TAT)
Normal Turnaround time for pathogen Identification is within 5 working days. Urgent Samples will be reported within half of the minimum test period & will be Charged Double.
Samples delivered after 11:00 AM will be processed next working day unless urgent.
Molecular based methods like PCR, Real-Time PCR and more recently next generation sequencing (NGS) have revolutionized the field of veterinary diagnostics.
At MBG, we offer detection of pathogenic viruses, bacteria and parasites using molecular methods, which are fast and highly sensitive to detect microbial
pathogens in various specimens.
MBG is an ISO 17025 accredited facility and benefits from an isolated containment level 3 facility for processing highly (level 3) contagious pathogens.
Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is a single stranded positive sense RNA genome classified in the genus, Arterivirus, family Arteriviridae. Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a reportable, highly contagious disease associated with sporadic outbreaks of acute respiratory disease and abortion in horses. Infection can spread between horses at mating, by artificial insemination with contaminated semen, by contact with aborted foetuses, or by direct contact with droplets from the respiratory tract, i.e. through coughing and snorting.
EAV primarily infects macrophages and vessel endothelium throughout a horse's body. The initial infection is followed by viral dissemination via the bloodstream, resulting in viremia. Clinical signs first appear two to 13 (average seven) days after infection, and a fever may continue for two to nine days. Acutely infected horses shed the virus in nasal secretions for up to 16 days. EVA is a notifiable disease of horses. The diseases' greatest economic impact is on the horse-breeding industry.
Swabs / secretion and tissue should be transported at 4°C. Semen samples must be frozen after collection and delivered within 24 hours.
It is required to add RNA preservative media to swabs / secretion and tissue only. Contact MBG Lab for specimen tubes containing RNA preservative if required.
Turn Around Time (TAT)
Normal Turnaround time for pathogen Identification is within 5 working days. Urgent Samples will be reported within half of the minimum test period & will be Charged Double.
Samples delivered after 11:00 AM will be processed next working day unless urgent.
Equine herpes virus1 (EHV1) and Equine herpes virus4 (EHV4) are double stranded DNA viruses of the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, genus Varicellovirus.They are clinically and pathologically indistinguishable and are the primary pathogens causing respiratory tract disease in young horses from weanling to 2 years of age.
EHV1 and EHV4 are major causes of abortion and respiratory disease in horses, respectively, whereas EHV1 also causes occasional neurological defects in horses. The virus can spread through the air, contaminated equipment, clothing and hands. Clinical signs are most intense and virus shedding most abundant during the first few days of infection. The time between an initial EHV1 infection of the respiratory tract and the onset of neurological signs is about 8-12 days. The neurological symptoms appear suddenly and reach peak intensity within 48 hours.
EHV4 causes rhinopneumonitis in horses and respiratory infection in foals, leaving a lifelong latent infection in affected animals. These horses are usually the source for new infection in foals over two months old, weanlings, and yearlings. Symptoms include fever, loss of appetite, and nasal discharge. Most infected animals recover in one to three weeks, but death can occur in environments with overcrowding and other stress factors. EHV4 rarely causes abortion in infected pregnant mares unlike its EHV1 counterpart.
Normal Turnaround time for pathogen Identification is within 5 working days. Urgent Samples will be reported within half of the minimum test period & will be Charged Double.
Samples delivered after 11:00 AM will be processed next working day unless urgent.
Equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV)is a retrovirus (ssRNA) belonging to the lentivirus subfamily of Retroviridae. Equine infectious anaemia (EIA) occurs world-wide. The infection, formerly known as swamp fever, is limited to equids. The disease is characterised by recurrent febrile episodes, thrombocytopenia, anaemia, rapid loss of weight and oedema of the lower parts of the body. The incubation period is normally 1-3 weeks, but may be as long as 3 months. In acute cases, lymph nodes, spleen and liver are hyperaemic and enlarged. Once a horse is infected with EIAV, its blood remains infectious for the remainder of its life. This means that the horse is a viraemic carrier and can potentially transmit the infection to other horses. Transmission occurs by transfer of blood from an infected horse. EIAV is not considered a risk for human health.
Method
Real-Time RT-PCR.
Sample Type
EDTA Blood, Tissue, Culture, Semen
Transport Condition
Samples should be transported at 4°C. All samples must be delivered within 24 h of collection.
Tissue must be sent in RNA Preservative media. It is not required to add RNA preservative media to blood and culture.
Turn Around Time (TAT)
Normal Turnaround time for pathogen Identification is within 5 working days. Urgent Samples will be reported within half of the minimum test period & will be Charged Double.
Samples delivered after 11:00 AM will be processed next working day unless urgent.
Theileria equi (T. equi) and Babesia caballi (B. caballi) are single celled parasitic protozoans closely related to plasmodium and cause equine piroplasmosis. It does not survive outside its hosts and can only be transmitted through a tick vector, affecting all equine species, such as horses, mules, donkeys and zebras. Infected animals may remain carriers of these blood parasites for long periods and act as sources of infection for other ticks. The disease primarily occurs throughout the tropics and subtropics. The protozoa invades the red blood cells of infected animals, leading to disease.
The clinical signs of equine piroplasmosis are often nonspecific, and the disease can easily be confused with other similar hemolytic conditions presenting fever, anemia and jaundice. The disease is not directly contagious. Rather it is transferred by blood from an infected animal to a susceptible animal or insect. Documented case fatality rates vary from 10-50%. Most animals in endemic areas survive infection.
Equine piroplasmosis is a "reportable disease" under the Health of Animals Act. Equine piroplasmosis can occur in per-acute, acute, sub-acute and chronic forms. This assay is used for the detection of both Theileria equi and Babesia caballi, however, it cannot be used to differentiate between the two subtypes.
Method
Real- Time PCR
Sample Type
Accredited :
EDTA blood.
Transport Condition
Samples should be transported at 4°C.
Turn Around Time (TAT)
Normal Turnaround time for pathogen Identification is within 5 working days. Urgent Samples will be reported within half of the minimum test period & will be Charged Double.
Samples delivered after 11:00 AM will be processed next working day unless urgent.
